Nigeria’s Premium Motor Spirit, PMS daily consumption figure has always been shrouded with controversy, as different government agencies churn out contradictory figures. Mele Kyari, Group Chief Executive officer, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Ltd, the regulatory agency in charge of the country’s petroleum sector, recently claimed said 68 million litres of petrol is consumed daily in Nigeria. This has stirred up a lot of controversies in different quarters.
The controversy started when Kyari said the average daily consumption figure was 68 million litres.
The NNPC GCEO had in the process, blamed security agencies for the country's porous borders which has encouraged massive smuggling of products to neighbouring countries.
Kyari’s claim had angered the Comptroller-General of Nigeria Customs Service, Col. Hameed Ali (retd.), who then at a session with the House of Representatives’ Committee on Finance, faulted the NNPCL GCEO, saying that NNPC could not scientifically prove the 68 million litres per day consumption claim. He alleged that the nation’s oil company was supplying a daily excess of 38 million litres as NNPCL allowed the lifting of 98 million litres daily.
“If we are consuming 60 million litres of PMS per day by their own computation, why would you allow the release of 98 million litres per day? If you know this is our consumption, why would you allow that release?” he asked.
He queried the 60 million litres per day claim of the NNPCL boss.
However, in a separate statement issued in Abuja, Group General Manager, Group Public Affairs Division, NNPCL, Garba-Deen Muhammad, insisted that between January and August 2022, “the total volume of PMS imported into the country was 16.46 billion litres, which translates to an average supply of 68 million litres per day.”
It added, “Similarly, import in the year 2021 was 22.35 billion litres, which translated to an average supply of 61 million litres per day.”
The company said the average daily evacuation (depot truck out) from January to August 2022 stood at 67 million litres per day as reported by the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum
Regulatory Authority. NNPCL added that daily evacuation (depot loadouts) records of the NMDPRA do carry daily oscillation ranging from as low as four million litres, to as high as 100 million litres per day.
On its part, the NMDPRA recently reported that the average daily evacuation (depot truck out) from January to August 2022 stood at 67 million litres daily.
While making his point, Kyari acknowledged that the NNPCL recognised the impact of maritime and cross-border smuggling of PMS on the overall supply framework. “NNPC also acknowledges the possibilities of other criminal activities in the PMS supply and distribution value chain. As a responsible business entity, NNPC will continue to engage and work with relevant agencies of government to curtail smuggling of PMS and contain any other criminal activities,” he said.
On how the daily petrol consumption was arrived at, NNPCL said the average Q2 2022 international market determined landing cost was US$1,283/MT and the approved marketing and distribution cost of N46/litre. “The combination of these cost elements translates to a retail pump price of N462/litre and an average subsidy of N297/litre and an annual estimate of N6.5tn on the assumption of 60 million litres of daily PMS supply. This will continuously be adjusted by market and demand realities,” it said.
Before the recent controversies ensued, Executive Secretary, Depot and Petroleum Products Marketers Association of Nigeria, Olufemi Adewole, told The PUNCH in June that the daily PMS consumption was 60 million litres, accusing the NNPCL of allowing the lifting of 106 million litres daily. “Nigeria currently consumes 60 million litres daily. However, from the record, marketers are loading 106 million litres per day as of April. Where is the excess going? Half of it goes outside Nigeria. This is the product that Nigeria pays heavy subsidies on”, he argued.
In another twist, NNPC in its weekly National PMS Evacuation Report for March 21 to April 3, 2022, had put daily consumption at 74 million litres. According to the firm, the figure was for the week ended April 3, 2022, higher than the 72.07 million litres per day used in December 2021. The NNPC further put the quantity of petrol used by the country in 14 days at 1.03 billion litres.
The report stated that Lagos, Kano and Niger States topped the list of high-demand states, with 170.4 million litres, 83.6 million litres and 82.3 million litres respectively, while Yobe, Bauch and Jigawa States were the low-demand states at 4.2 million, 2.4 million and 1.3 million litres.
Again, in June 2021, Kyari said the federal government directed the NNPC to immediately cut down consumption from 102 million litres to 60 million litres.
Meanwhile, a look at a report from the defunct Petroleum Products Pricing Regulatory Agency revealed that daily petrol consumption dropped by 8.14 per cent to 55.99 million litres in August from 60.55 million litres in July 2021. The then PPPRA General Manager, Corporate Services, Kimchi Apollo had said the total petrol supply for the month of August 2021 was about 1.74 billion litres.
However, in August 2021, the House of Representatives Committee on Finance accused the defunct PPPRA of doctoring figures as it observed discrepancies in the documents submitted before it. The lawmakers observed that daily consumption was put at 48 million litres within the period under review, while Automotive Gas Oil was put at 10.5 million litres per day.
In another document, PPPRA claimed it discharged 59.90 million litres daily in January 2019, 55.04 million litres in February and 55.66 million litres in March. The document further indicated that the supply increased to 60.27 million litres in January 2020, then 60.56 million litres in February and down to 56.07 million litres in March 2020. Supply further increased to 61.92 million litres per day in January 2021, and down to 58.09 million litres in February and moved up to 66.64 million litres in March 2021.
Also, the Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative in its report on the Oil and Gas Sector 2019, said Nigeria imported a total volume of 20.6 billion litres of petrol in 2019. This brings monthly consumption to an average of 1.7bn monthly, and daily consumption of 55 million. NEITI said the figure was three per cent higher than the 20 billion litres imported by the country in 2018.
The House Committee on Finance represented by Deputy Chairman of the Committee, Saidu Abdulahi, said the customs boss and other agencies are misleading the public with confusing figures.
“The figure NNPC Limited quoted is not in tandem with other figures quoted by other agencies”, he said, advising the Corporation and other agencies to reconcile their figures.
Daily consumption was 35 million in 2015 when Nigeria’s population was 181 million. Nigeria’s population is currently around 218 million, according to the Nigerian PopulatIon Commission.
Experts weigh in
Professor of Political Economy and Management expert, Pat Utomi told The PUNCH in an interview that corruption and incompetence were inhibiting the NNPC, customs and other relevant agencies from having the correct data at their fingertips.
“In this time and age of cutting technology, how can agencies responsible for such information claim they do not know the actual volume of products consumed? Modern technologies have made it possible for all agencies to know and have access to such figures at the same time every day if they want to. The only problem that can be responsible for such discrepancies is corruption and incompetence,” he said. He claimed that Nigeria could solve the challenges by putting the right people in the right places.
On his part, Chief Executive Officer, Centre for the Promotion of Private Enterprise Dr Muda Yusuf, described the banter as shameful, adding that a forensic audit that is needed to unravel the controversies regarding daily PMS consumption figures.
“If they want to get the proper amount in terms of volume; they should just go for a forensic audit.
Let auditors check how much NNPC releases into the market every day and whom they give it to,” he said. He added that the volume can either increase or decrease depending on market demand.
The verdict
The daily petrol consumption in Nigeria remains a mystery. To determine the actual daily petrol consumption; the NNPC which is currently responsible for importing 100 per cent of petrol into the country, needs to submit its accounts for forensic auditing as advised by experts.
